What is the neurotrophic hypothesis of depression?
To better understand the development of depression and its impact upon people, multidisciplinary research has been conducted in order to understand how to improve the quality of life. A widely researched hypothesis in this regard focuses on one specific neurotransmitter modulator: Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF).
Research has shown that BDNF plays a role in neuroplasticity, which is the process of the neural networks in the brain changing and reorganizing in order to perform functions that were not previously performed. In clinical studies of individuals diagnosed with depression, it was found that BDNF was noticeably low. Additionally, maladaptive neuroplasticity is observed, in which the plasticity within the nervous system leads to disruption of a brain function resulting in cognitive deficits (e.g. persistence of depressive symptoms, such as ruminating thoughts).
The synthesis of multidisciplinary perspectives on depression and its development provides us with the neurotrophic hypothesis of depression. Though there is currently no unified theory to perfectly explain the nature of depression, this hypothesis states that alterations within functional neurotrophic factors has an impact on the pathophysiology of depression (i.e. The incidence of depression is correlated to the decrease of BDNF).
This correlation matters as it gives rise to another perspective to alleviate symptoms of depression and provides us with another tool to place in our repertoire to support our overall mental health and well-being. The question one might begin to ponder here is, “How do I increase BDNF?”
Translational research on depression and neurotrophic factors comes to our aid here and reveals to us that exercise increases BDNF in the hypothalamus, namely the lateral parts of the hypothalamus that regulate mood and emotion. BDNF thrives in the hypothalamus and can increase our ability to perform higher cognitive functions (e.g. concept acquisition, systematic decision making, evaluative thinking, and brainstorming) to aid in the alleviation of depression.
Looking to develop a greater understanding of how psychoeducation on topics like this can be used to support you on your wellness journey? Feel free to get in touch to process questions that you might have, and discover how we can collaboratively integrate translational research into your personal wellness journey to create impactful change.
Helpful Links:
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor and its Clinical Implications (Read here)
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor: A Key Molecule for Memory and the Pathological Brain (Read here)
The Role of (BDNF) on Neural Plasticity in Depression (Read here)
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) as a biomarker of treatment response in patients with Treatment Resistant Depression (TRD): A systematic review & meta-analysis (Read here)
Carbohydrate-restricted Diet and Exercise Increase Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor and Cognitive Function: A Randomized Crossover Trial (Read here)
